How and why thyroid cancer?
Tiraide cancer is not very common and, in most cases, with an early diagnosis and correct treatment, it has a benign evolution.
In addition, women who have passed through menopause or who still have a greater risk to suffer.
The symptoms that can reveal a possible presence of thyroid cancer are:
- Appearance of a lump on the neck (similar to POMO D’ADAM)
- Frequent ear pain
- Swollen Neck Lymph Gangles
- Pain in the neck and throat
- Difficulty swallowing (Oddophagia)
- breathing difficulties
- Asthma
- Purity
- difficulties in speaking
- Cough not attributable to cold risk
Factors and main causes of thyroid cancer
- Radiation exposure during childhood (tumor incidence increases proportionally to the amount of radiation received).
- presence of gozzo and high levels of the hormone TSH
- Hereditary transmission (presence of relatives with the same disease)
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- being over 40 for women or over 70 for men is a risk factor
There are 5 types of thyroid cancer:
papillary carcinoma
it is the most frequent (more than 70% of cases) and is common in women previously treated with radiotherapy in the neck area. Furthermore, this type of tumor is well differentiated and may present calcifications.
An advanced stage of cancer can lead to metastasis in the cervical nodes. The growth of the nodule is slow and not painful.
follicular carcinoma
It is the second most diagnosed thyroid tumor. It appears in people who have had or have a goiter, especially over 50 years of age. Also, this tumor is difficult to identify and can grow to the same size as the thyroid.
Those spread through the blood and metastases can address the lungs and bones, but can also spread to the lymphatics. Finally, the nodule is painless and hard in texture.
Anaplastic carcinoma
It is a rarer cancer, but with a high level of mortality. Commonly complete in patients older than 65 years, with previous problems of thyroid goiter, papillary or follicular carcinoma.
It looks like a mass shape invading the thyroid gland. You can create metastases at the node level. It is painful, it develops quickly and it is difficult to coherence.
stamp stamped carcinoma
First, this type has a different origin from all other thyroid tumors. In fact, it is easy to identify through a histological examination. In addition, it develops especially in women, at any age, even if the risk is greater after the age of 50.
Early source metastasis due to lymphatics and blood. In some cases, it is connected to the previous family.
thyroid lymphoma
It originates in cells that are part of the immune system called lymphocytes. Growth is slow and is more common in advanced women who have suffered from other thyroid pathologies, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Medical diagnosis to identify thyroid cancer
People who present some of the people who present some of the people who present the symptoms of this disease should consult an endocrinology specialist who teaches you to prescribe tests to determine or Eliminate the presence of a tumor. The most common findings are:
ultrasound
Allows you to look deeply into the neck area (including the thyroid) to look for nodules or cysts. If they are identified, it will be possible to understand if they are solid or filled with liquid. Like nodules, even cysts are not synonymous with cancer: they are often benign.
BIOPSY
First, this test is run after the presence of a nodule has already been identified.
Insertion of a needle into the thyroid, a small piece of tissue is made to be sent for histological examination. Needle insertion can be triggered by an ultrasonic scanner allowing the affected area to be more accurately identified. In some cases, it may be preceded by local anesthesia.
CT (computerized axial tomography)
With this examination, usually not only the neck area is explored, but also the chest to identify the presence of cancer in other areas of the body, especially in the lungs. This means that a specific analysis is done to understand if the tumor has spread to the soft tissues.
Relationship between thyroid cancer, women and reproduction
Finally, medical studies reveal that women who have had a child in the last 5 years are more likely to develop papillary thyroid carcinoma. This higher incidence is due to the fact that the gland produces more hormones during the pregnancy period. In addition, the risk increases in the case of a more consecutive pregnancy at this time to ensure a better supply of beneficial nutrients, such as iodine or…